SURVEY OF THERMAL ENERGY RECOVERY AND REUSE TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN HVAC SYSTEMS

Abstract

HVAC systems have shown that they ought to make use of thermal energy recovery and reuse technology to increase
the level of energy efficiency and minimise the impact of buildings on the environment. The systems greatly reduced heating and
cooling needs and increased comfort levels in the region by absorbing waste heat from the exhaust air. The heat energy is reclaimed
with the assistance of the state-of-the-art equipment, including rotary wheels, fixed plate exchangers, heat pipes and run-around
systems, which in conjunction with the constant efficiency of 50-95%, transfer the sensible and latent heat between the airstreams.
It also enhances their performance by incorporating IoT-enabled sensing, real-time monitoring, and intelligent control strategies.
The ability to continuously control temperature, humidity, and airflow with the assistance of IoT sensors will enable automated
ventilation adjustments, maximising performance and minimising energy consumption. Digital Twin technology is an appropriate
tool for this model and enables predictive modelling, fault tolerance, and maintenance of the system's optimal behaviour throughout
the building's life cycle. All these innovations combined with Building Automation Systems (BAS) and regulatory requirements
can steer the HVAC designs to be reliable, comfortable to occupants and ultimately saving energy.